1 Introduction

1.1 The Purpose of this Document

1.2 Acknowledgements

2 Oscillator Waveform Modification

2.1 Sync

2.2 Frequency Modulation Techniques

2.3 Wave Shaping

2.4 Vector Synthesis

2.5 Wave Sequencing

2.6 Audio-Rate Crossfading

2.7 Wave Terrain Synthesis

2.8 VOSIM

2.9 FOF Synthesis

2.10 Granular Synthesis

3 Filter Techniques

3.1 Resonant Filters as Oscillators

3.2 Serial and Parallel Filter Techniques

3.3 Audio-Rate Filter Cutoff Modulation

3.4 Adding Analog Feel

3.5 Wet Filters

4 Noise Generation

4.1 White Noise

4.2 Brown Noise

4.3 Pink Noise

4.4 Pitched Noise

5 Percussion

5.1 Bass Drum Synthesis

5.2 Snare Drum Synthesis

5.3 Synthesis of Gongs, Bells and Cymbals

5.4 Synthesis of Hand Claps

6 Additive Synthesis

6.1 What is Additive Synthesis?

6.2 Resynthesis

6.3 Group Additive Synthesis

6.4 Morphing

6.5 Transients

6.7 Which Oscillator to Use

7 Physical Modeling

7.1 Introduction to Physical Modeling

7.2 The Karplus-Strong Algorithm

7.3 Tuning of Delay Lines

7.4 Delay Line Details

7.5 Physical Modeling with Digital Waveguides

7.6 String Modeling

7.7 Woodwind Modeling

7.8 Related Links

8 Speech Synthesis and Processing

8.1 Vocoder Techniques

8.2 Speech Synthesis

8.3 Pitch Tracking

9 Using the Logic Modules

9.1 Complex Logic Functions

9.2 Flipflops, Counters other Sequential Elements

9.3 Asynchronous Elements

9.4 Arpeggiation

10 Algorithmic Composition

10.1 Chaos and Fractal Music

10.2 Cellular Automata

10.3 Cooking Noodles

11 Reverb and Echo Effects

11.1 Synthetic Echo and Reverb

11.2 Short-Time Reverb

11.3 Low-Fidelity Echo and Reverb

12 Distortion Effects

12.1 Distortion using Nonlinearities

12.2 Multiband Distortion

12.3 Polynomial Distortion

12.4 Distortion using Time-Variant Systems

13 Frequency and Pitch Shifting

13.1 Frequency Shifting

13.2 Pitch Shifting

14 Spatialization

15 Emulating Classic Synths

15.1 General Guidelines

15.2 Yamaha DX7

15.3 Octave Cat

15.4 ARP Odyssey

15.5 Casio

15.6 Hallsey Mark 1 and 2

15.7 Other Emulations

A pdf file of the complete book can be downloaded from www.cim.mcgill.ca/~clark/nordmodularbook/nordmodularbook.pdf
A file containing all of the patches in book can be downloaded from www.cim.mcgill.ca/~clark/nordmodularbook/nm_book_patches.zip